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The elements
of the naval architecture
The principal structural elements of a ship
The wood was one of the first materials used for the
construction of a ship, a substitution has gradually been you with
the iron. The development of the technique has allowed the
introduction of new materials, in iron-cement, light leagues, the
plastic subjects and the rubbers, that nevertheless maintaining the
same numenclatura; where the different materials exclude a
particular element of it, the term he/she remains still for
specifying its posture.
The hulls are divided in:
Hulls dislocanti to hull tonda:sono so
called because they always stay absorbed in the water during the
navigation.
Hulls plananti to flat hull:
I am so called because they go out of the water and they slip you
above during the navigation.
It careens to
V: it is currently very used for the motor boats.
The numenclatura of the hull
Pivot fixed on the part prodiera
of the rudder
Transversal element that superiorly unites the
ordinates of the two sides and it sustains
the bridge of
cover.
External
surface of the hull, among the line of galleggiamento of the
unloaded ship and that of the height ship load.
Safety parapet
that races around the outside of the cover.
Mullion used for
giving time to the tops.
Opening of the bridge of cover for the
passage of people and things.
Height of the bridge of cover on
the level of the sea, to full load.
Reinforcement around the
hull, to the height of the trincarino.
Operation
for the planking or the covering of the bridges or the iron plates
to make watertight overlapped.
Base of the straight of stern.
Auction of support of the draglies of the
battagliola.
Longitudinal beam.
Line of
junction among the tables of the courses of fasciame(o of the
laieres of ferro)che must be caulks.
Inferior
reinforcement of the keel.
I strengthen superior
of the paramezzale.
I perforate in the cover or in
the falchetta, for the passage of the chain of the
he/she anchors.
Horizontal cable of protection of the
battagliola sustained by the chandeliers.
Vertical element to the back extremity (anteriore)della
keel.
Side vertical edge of the cover, raised
again on the trincarino; on the great unities called
bulwark.
External covering of the skeleton of the
hull.
Support of the rudder on the straight of stern.
Vain
closet both inside both external.
Part rounded off of the hull
before the stern.
Line of separation between alive work and dead
work.
Beam that leans on the keel uniting the ordinates.
Beginning of the next curved part of the hull to the bow.
Necessary opening for the passage of the tree.
Side of the
dead work.
Porthole.
Opening along the falchetta, or I
perforate on the fund of the grit.
Transversal element of the
skeleton of the hull.
Glasses portholes, hinged in cover.
Boarding that covers the bilge and form the floor of the boat.
Beam overlapped to the keel, serves from longitudinal
reinforcement.
More elevated continuous bridge.
Horizontal
surface that divides the hull in height.
Indentation of the
cover, that protects the helmsman.
Rigid part of support of the
battagliola.
Beam of support of the beam.
Curve of the departs straight of bow
Nailed in fork on the falchetta, where the
oar supports him
Armor fixed on the
paramezzale, that stops the foot of the tree.
Space between background of the ship and pagliolo.
Longitudinal element of the skeleton.
The transversal vertical section measured in the point
of greater width of the hull.
External surface of
the external stern of the stern.
I space inside of
the merchant ships.
First course of the planking inserted in the
keel.
Beam longitudinale,sopra the extremity of
the beams.
Superstructure bound to the bridge of
cover.
Linear
dimensions and volumetriche
The
maximum longitudinal encumbrance of the hull, measured among the
external extreme points of the bow and the stern, excluded all the
appendixes as the bompresso, the bases poppiere, etc.
The
longitudinal encumbrance of the hull, measured to the height of the
galleggiamento.
The transversal encumbrance of the hull,
measured to the height of the section teacher.
Vertical distance
between the superior part of the keel and the congiungente the
extremities of the beam.
Vertical distance between the line of
galleggiamento and the inferior part of the keel.
And' the total
weight of the ship, measured in tons of weight; it corresponds to
the weight of the volume of moved water (displaced) from the
absorbed part of the hull.
And' given by all the spaces and
superstructures closed of the ship.
And' the volume of the
spaces reserved to the carriage of goods and passengers.
I am so
called because they always stay absorbed in the water.
I am so
called because they go out of the water and they slip you above
during the navigation
Very used for motor
boats.
Glossary
What it is found aloft
To make
to assume to the boat a movement of rotation
To stretch a cable
or a chain on a plan.
Unintentional collision in sea.
Residual speed.
To change rout
To gather a cable on
himself.
To maintain a cable in the tension in which is found.
To make strength on a cable for tesarlo and to lift a weight
To make to climb haul upward,
To make to go down a lifted
object
To draw near to the coast, toward a place where is
possible to stay himself/herself/themselves
To put something in
condition to develop his/her function
Owner of the boat
To
tighten with strength a knot
To draw near to the coast to take
earth
One or the other of the sides of the boat
Calm of wind
and sea
To extend a sail
Bucket
Curved line assumed by a
suspended chain to the two heads
Any cordage of edge
Tesare
a manoeuvre
Textile cable
Bench equipped for sleeping
Lasciar to fall anchors after all him
To fix a cable so that
doesn't loosen him
Fanfold cable on himself so that to form a
buttonhole
All those people who participate in the manoeuvres of
the boat
Change of rout of the boat
Metallic accessories of
the boat
To leave to flow a cable or a chain
The to beat
some thoughtless sail
Stings in which him from fund to the
anchor or it moors him to a boa
Placed to the outside of the I
bring
Auction with the ferrule and a rounded off hook
Timonare
To unite two spezzonis of cable
Loosened, loose
Cultured so that to be able to be employed without risk to get
entangled himself/herself/themselves
To get entangled
himself/herself/themselves so that not to be able to be used for
his/her function
To loosen a cable in strength
Generic name
of the cables destined the action to maneuver the boat to specific
assignments,
Connected to the sea
Related to the sea with
good dowries marinaresche
Protected place from the wind and from
the waves
Turbulent movement of the waves reflected by an
obstacle
Thin cable
To leave the mooring
To bring the
rudder from the opposite part to arrest an approached
To remove
the water from the boat
To command a recreation boat
Piece
of cable sealed with lead on himself to ring
To remove the wind
To move the boat through cables gives time to a fixed point
To parallelly put on to the waves
I turn complete of cable
Boat recreation cabinata
Naval label
The commander is the first one to
climb on board and the last to go down.
Before climbing on board to ask the permission
and to climb on board without scarpe(o with rubber sole cleaning up)
The young guests have to consider him crew
members and to make of the commander available.
Who doesn't
participate in the manoeuvres him it withdraws sottocoperta or it
systematizes him in position not to hamper the job of the crew.
Don't approach to another boat without having
asked the authorization to his/her shipowner or to the Commander.
To help, if required, the near boats in the manoeuvres to moor
and to set sail.
Do never moor himself/herself/themselves on the
dead body of another boat.
Flags
The national flag
must have been lifted since 08.00 to the sunset, of stern or on the
masting poppiera; it has to be of greater dimensions of all the
other flags.
The social guidone (of the club) you/he/she must be
lifted in head of tree and he/she remains always lifted.
The
flag of the owner must be lifted to the crocetta of right-hand; to
the left when to right-hand you/he/she is lifted the flag of
courtesy.
The flag of courtesy of the state ospitante must be
lifted to the crocetta of right-hand.
All the flags (excluded
the guidone)devono to be furled when the national flag is furled.
Regard entering in I bring foreigner or among
navi:S'ammaina the national flag and her it raises again him to
shore for three times.
And' good norm to greet him among Yachts:
the flag of the owner is furled to mezzasta and her/it it raises
again him to shore. Sonorous signals don't be
used.
Computational methods
They uses algebraic operations remembering that:
++ = + + - = - - + = - - -
= +
To remember that: EAST = + WEST = - NORTH = +
SOUTH = -
Horses vapor (CV) and Kilowatt (KW) 1 kw =
1,36 CVs;
The angular Measure: the unity of
measure is the degree (°)
An angle turn is of 360°
- Every degree they are 60 first (') and every first is separated in
60 (")
Kilometers Km - Miles mg - Knots knots -
The sea mile corresponds to 1.852 ms.
The extinguishers
100cv 1
from 25B near apparatus motor;
200cv 2 from 13B "
" " 1 from 13B in bridge 1 from 13B in the local xes
In
inactive dust and anhydride co2 for inflammable and electric
equipments
It skims chemistry for combustible -
inflammable - no electric equipments
The radio
Over the 6mg it is
obligatory at least a radio VHS to so that metricses.
Ships of
length over the 24m: a plant in waves FM
ettometriche.
Frequency of
call and help: VHF:
156,8 = channel 16
FM: 2.182 KHzes (2,182MHz)
There is the obligation of the silence radio on the
frequencies of call and help, for the first 3 minutes of every
mezzora.
And' of obligation the silence radio on all the
interested frequencies to rescue efforts.
Gives technical
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Agugliotto
Beam
Waterline
Battagliola
Bollard
Hatch
Free edge
Bottazzo
Caulking
Calcagnolo
Chandelier
Keel
Seam
Controchiglia
Controparamezzale
Cubia
Draglia
Straight of poppa(di
bow)
Falchetta
Planking
Femminella
Gavone
Quarter
Line of galleggiamento
Madiere
Mascone
Ledger
Bulwark
Porthole
Scupper
Ordinata(costola)
Skylights
Pagliolo
Paramezzale
Bridge of cover
Bridge
Grit
Pulpit
Ferrule
Wheel of bow
Oarlock
Scassa
Bilge
Limber board
Section teacher
Superfice
Hold
Bullock
Trincarino
Tuga
Length out all (lft)
Length to the galleggiamento
Width mx or beam
mx
Height
Immersion (pescaggio)
Displacement
The gross tonnage
The clean tonnage
Hulls dislocanti (round hull)
Hulls plananti (flat hull)
It careens to V
To shore
To demolish
Abbisciare
Approach
Abbrivio
To approach
Addugliare
To seize
To haul
To lift
To furl
To land
To arm
Shipowner
Assuccare
To land
Gang
Calm
To hem
Bucket
Catenaria
Cable
Cazzare
Top
Berth
To give fund
To give time
Duplex cable
Crew
Evolution
Hardware
Row
Fileggiare
Deep
Offshore
Gaffa (half sailor)
To
govern
To seal with lead
In proclamation
In clear
Incattėvarsi
Lascare
Manoeuvre
Marinaresco
Sea
Shelter
Backwash
Line
To set sail
To meet
Sgottare
Skipper
Stroppo
To foil
Tonneggiare
Tonneggiare
Time
Yacht
The "VADE MECUM"
of the
perfect navigator
With all the winds,
the navigar is always from unwise.
West wind,
who
sets sail from the shore it repents.
The good nocchier, with
the fresh sirocco,
he/she thinks to' his/her darlings, and it
holds back him to the table.
When it blows the
mistral,
to be in I bring it is not badly.
East clouds,
chains,
anchors and boas son holy things.
If the breeze is of
North-Este,
you escape the sea as the plague.
Wind to the earth,
who is in the I bring it never errs.
If you embark yourself
with the grecale pescicani and funeral.
Midday Pecorelle,
you
will depart without return.
Red air to the morning
not salpar, returns in the wine cellar.
Red air to the sunset,
navigar doesn't put account.
If to the libeccio it
turns the wind,
you run away the sea with
fear.
Pecorelle to the horizon,
go on the dock... and dietrofronte!
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